LAHORE:
The historic Bagh-e-Jinnah remains one of the largest bat roosting sites in Lahore.
Hundreds of bats can still be seen hanging from old trees during the day before heading off in search of food at dusk. However, experts say their numbers have been steadily declining over the years.
Urbanization, diminishing green spaces, artificial lighting and widespread misconceptions among the public are contributing to a gradual decline in bat populations in Lahore, wildlife experts and biologists have warned, emphasizing the need for conservation measures to protect the species and maintain urban biodiversity.
According to wildlife expert Shahzaib Khurshid, rapid urban expansion is the main reason for the decline in the bat population.
He said the construction of roads, housing and commercial projects have led to the loss of mature trees and natural habitats that bats depend on for shelter.
“Bats prefer old, dense trees in relatively undisturbed environments. As cities continue to expand, suitable habitats for these animals become increasingly rare,” he said.
Experts believe misconceptions about bats also contribute to their decline. While some citizens view bats as an important part of nature, others associate them with superstition and fear.
At Bagh-e-Jinnah, several visitors shared different views on bats.
A local resident said that every living thing has a purpose in nature. “People should try to understand their role in the environment instead of fearing them,” he said.
Joham expressed a similar view, asserting that nothing in nature is created without purpose. He said bats play a role in maintaining ecological balance and deserve protection.
Muhammad Munir said that many beliefs about bats are based on myths rather than facts. He stressed the importance of awareness and scientific education on wildlife.
On the other hand, some residents admitted to having a negative perception of bats.
Rehana Ahmed said she grew up hearing that bats were bad omens and so she always felt uncomfortable in their presence. Bushra Khalid said many people believe bats suck blood, which makes them fearful of the species.
Imtiaz Hussain said the unusual appearance of bats and their sudden flight patterns often create fear and disgust.
Wildlife experts, however, say such perceptions have little scientific basis. They note that most bat species found in Pakistan are harmless to humans and play an important role in maintaining ecological balance.
Senior veterinarian Dr Muhammad Azhar said bats are an essential part of healthy ecosystems. He explained that insectivorous bats help control mosquito and pest populations naturally, reducing the need for chemical interventions.
“The presence of bats is often an indicator of a healthy environment. Public awareness is needed to dispel myths and encourage coexistence with wildlife,” he said.
Experts say bats provide valuable ecological services by consuming large numbers of insects, including mosquitoes, moths and agricultural pests. Certain species also contribute to pollination and seed dispersal, thus promoting plant diversity and forest regeneration.
Dr Zulfiqar Ali, head of the department of zoology at the University of Punjab, said several species of birds, insects and other forms of urban fauna have significantly declined or disappeared from parts of the city in recent decades.
